این کتاب سطح متوسط از مجموعه کتاب های English Vocabulary in Use می باشد و از برترین منابع یادگیری لغات پرکاربرد زبان انگلیسی به شمار می رود .
Vocabulary in Use Pre-intermediate and Intermediate is a vocabulary book for intermediate learners of English, primarily designed as a self-study reference and practice book, but which can also be used for classroom work. In its style and format it is similar to its upper intermediate and advanced equivalent, English Vocabulary in Use. 100 easy-to-use units: over 2,500 vocabulary items in a wide range of topic areas are presented, contextualise and explained and explained on left-hand pages with a variety of follow-up activities on right-hand pages. Helps to build on and expand existing vocabulary. Suggests tips and techniques for good learning habits. Designed to be flexible: can be used both for self-study and in class. Provides a comprehensive key with not only answers to the exercises but also more comments on how the language is used. Includes a detailed index with phonetic transcriptions
نویسنده : استیوارت ردمن
این کتاب یکی از اعضای خانواده‌ی مجموعه‌ی بهترین مراجع و تمرین‌دهنده‌ی دایره‌ی لغات در زبان انگلیسی است که از مقدماتی تا پیشرفته را شامل می‌شوند.
لغات به صورت واضح ارایه شده‌اند و مطالب و نوشته‌هایی که این لغات در آن‌ها به کار رفته‌اند، با فعالیت‌های تمرینی در کنار آن‌ها به چشم می‌خورند.
این کتاب در اصل به عنوان خودآموز منتشر شده اما می‌توان در کلاس‌های درس نیز از آن استفاده نمود.
این کتاب شامل 100 درس است که با تصاویر زیبا آرایش شده تا بهتر بتوانید از محتوای آن سود ببرید.
این کتاب الکترونیکی شامل 269 صفحه با فرمت PDFدر یک سی دی ارائه میشود و شامل سرفصلهای زیر میباشد :
# Learning
# Word formation
# Phrase building
# Parts of speech (special problems)
# Connecting and linking
# Topics
# People
# Daily life
# Work
# Leisure and entertainment
# Notional concepts
Varieties of English
The Use of Customer Portfolio Theory کاربرد تئوری سبد سرمایه گذاری
مشتری
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
معرفی ................................................................................................................................ 1
تحلیل سبد سرمایه گذاری مشتری ............................................................................. 2
قابلیت سوددهی مشتریان به عنوان مبنایی برای طرح سرمایه گذاری ............... 6
اهداف تحقیقات ......................................................................................................... 8
روش شناسی ............................................................................................................... 9
تحلیل ......................................................................................................................... 10
ساختار سبد سرمایه گذاری ها ................................................................................ 11
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری/ قدرت درک شده ارتباط ............................................ 12
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری .......................................................................................... 12
قدرت ارتباطات دریافت شده ................................................................................. 17
تصمیم ........................................................................................................................ 19
نتایج ................................................................................................
Introduction
Portfolio theory was first developed to be
used in financial investment decision making
during the 1950s (Markowitz, 1952). The
main inputs for portfolio evaluation in
financial investment decisions were
postulated as being “expected return” and
“degree of risk”. Portfolio theory has,
however, since been applied in areas other
than finance. The initial area of application
was in auditing product programs (Marvin,
1972), where individual products or groups
of products were analyzed in terms of their
current and future market share, sales,
volume, costs and investment requirements.
Subsequently, the portfolio approach received
increasing attention from corporate strategists
(Ansoff and Leontiades, 1976; Hedley, 1977;
Hofer and Schendell, 1978; Wind and
Douglas, 1981) all of whom have been
primarily concerned with the classification
of products and/or businesses on certain key
dimensions in order to assist in the
achievement of corporate strategic objectives.
Key dimensions have included market share,
market growth, market attractiveness and
competitive position depending on which
model has been offered. Regardless of the
dimensions used, the basic idea is that the
positions of the units on the grid should
determine the formulation of the most
appropriate strategy.
Portfolio theory is essentially concerned,
therefore, with facilitating decisions in the
allocation of finite resources among different
assets, be it financial investments, products
or strategic business units. These finite
resources may be used in alternative ways
to achieve agreed objectives.
There have also, however, been many
critics of portfolio theory, who have
suggested that a portfolio simply facilitates
visualization rather than serving as an
analytical and prescriptive tool in itself.
In other words, critics say that portfolio
analyses do not provide strategic answers for
resource allocation and strategy formulation.
They do stress, however, that they can aid
decision making but would have to be used
with caution.
Customer Portfolio Analysis
The application of portfolio theory to
customers is a more recent phenomenon.
In theory, marketers can check the basic
soundness of each customer against its
جهت خرید این مقاله کامل که در 24 صفحه ترجمه شده و به همراه متن اصلی عرضه می شود .
The Use of Customer Portfolio Theory کاربرد تئوری سبد سرمایه گذاری
مشتری
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
معرفی ................................................................................................................................ 1
تحلیل سبد سرمایه گذاری مشتری ............................................................................. 2
قابلیت سوددهی مشتریان به عنوان مبنایی برای طرح سرمایه گذاری ............... 6
اهداف تحقیقات ......................................................................................................... 8
روش شناسی ............................................................................................................... 9
تحلیل ......................................................................................................................... 10
ساختار سبد سرمایه گذاری ها ................................................................................ 11
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری/ قدرت درک شده ارتباط ............................................ 12
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری .......................................................................................... 12
قدرت ارتباطات دریافت شده ................................................................................. 17
تصمیم ........................................................................................................................ 19
نتایج ................................................................................................
Introduction
Portfolio theory was first developed to be
used in financial investment decision making
during the 1950s (Markowitz, 1952). The
main inputs for portfolio evaluation in
financial investment decisions were
postulated as being “expected return” and
“degree of risk”. Portfolio theory has,
however, since been applied in areas other
than finance. The initial area of application
was in auditing product programs (Marvin,
1972), where individual products or groups
of products were analyzed in terms of their
current and future market share, sales,
volume, costs and investment requirements.
Subsequently, the portfolio approach received
increasing attention from corporate strategists
(Ansoff and Leontiades, 1976; Hedley, 1977;
Hofer and Schendell, 1978; Wind and
Douglas, 1981) all of whom have been
primarily concerned with the classification
of products and/or businesses on certain key
dimensions in order to assist in the
achievement of corporate strategic objectives.
Key dimensions have included market share,
market growth, market attractiveness and
competitive position depending on which
model has been offered. Regardless of the
dimensions used, the basic idea is that the
positions of the units on the grid should
determine the formulation of the most
appropriate strategy.
Portfolio theory is essentially concerned,
therefore, with facilitating decisions in the
allocation of finite resources among different
assets, be it financial investments, products
or strategic business units. These finite
resources may be used in alternative ways
to achieve agreed objectives.
There have also, however, been many
critics of portfolio theory, who have
suggested that a portfolio simply facilitates
visualization rather than serving as an
analytical and prescriptive tool in itself.
In other words, critics say that portfolio
analyses do not provide strategic answers for
resource allocation and strategy formulation.
They do stress, however, that they can aid
decision making but would have to be used
with caution.
Customer Portfolio Analysis
The application of portfolio theory to
customers is a more recent phenomenon.
In theory, marketers can check the basic
soundness of each customer against its
جهت خرید این مقاله کامل که در 24 صفحه ترجمه شده و به همراه متن اصلی عرضه می شود .
The Use of Customer Portfolio Theory کاربرد تئوری سبد سرمایه گذاری
مشتری
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
معرفی ................................................................................................................................ 1
تحلیل سبد سرمایه گذاری مشتری ............................................................................. 2
قابلیت سوددهی مشتریان به عنوان مبنایی برای طرح سرمایه گذاری ............... 6
اهداف تحقیقات ......................................................................................................... 8
روش شناسی ............................................................................................................... 9
تحلیل ......................................................................................................................... 10
ساختار سبد سرمایه گذاری ها ................................................................................ 11
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری/ قدرت درک شده ارتباط ............................................ 12
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری .......................................................................................... 12
قدرت ارتباطات دریافت شده ................................................................................. 17
تصمیم ........................................................................................................................ 19
نتایج ................................................................................................
Introduction
Portfolio theory was first developed to be
used in financial investment decision making
during the 1950s (Markowitz, 1952). The
main inputs for portfolio evaluation in
financial investment decisions were
postulated as being “expected return” and
“degree of risk”. Portfolio theory has,
however, since been applied in areas other
than finance. The initial area of application
was in auditing product programs (Marvin,
1972), where individual products or groups
of products were analyzed in terms of their
current and future market share, sales,
volume, costs and investment requirements.
Subsequently, the portfolio approach received
increasing attention from corporate strategists
(Ansoff and Leontiades, 1976; Hedley, 1977;
Hofer and Schendell, 1978; Wind and
Douglas, 1981) all of whom have been
primarily concerned with the classification
of products and/or businesses on certain key
dimensions in order to assist in the
achievement of corporate strategic objectives.
Key dimensions have included market share,
market growth, market attractiveness and
competitive position depending on which
model has been offered. Regardless of the
dimensions used, the basic idea is that the
positions of the units on the grid should
determine the formulation of the most
appropriate strategy.
Portfolio theory is essentially concerned,
therefore, with facilitating decisions in the
allocation of finite resources among different
assets, be it financial investments, products
or strategic business units. These finite
resources may be used in alternative ways
to achieve agreed objectives.
There have also, however, been many
critics of portfolio theory, who have
suggested that a portfolio simply facilitates
visualization rather than serving as an
analytical and prescriptive tool in itself.
In other words, critics say that portfolio
analyses do not provide strategic answers for
resource allocation and strategy formulation.
They do stress, however, that they can aid
decision making but would have to be used
with caution.
Customer Portfolio Analysis
The application of portfolio theory to
customers is a more recent phenomenon.
In theory, marketers can check the basic
soundness of each customer against its
جهت خرید این مقاله کامل که در 24 صفحه ترجمه شده و به همراه متن اصلی عرضه می شود .
The Use of Customer Portfolio Theory کاربرد تئوری سبد سرمایه گذاری
مشتری
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
معرفی ................................................................................................................................ 1
تحلیل سبد سرمایه گذاری مشتری ............................................................................. 2
قابلیت سوددهی مشتریان به عنوان مبنایی برای طرح سرمایه گذاری ............... 6
اهداف تحقیقات ......................................................................................................... 8
روش شناسی ............................................................................................................... 9
تحلیل ......................................................................................................................... 10
ساختار سبد سرمایه گذاری ها ................................................................................ 11
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری/ قدرت درک شده ارتباط ............................................ 12
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری .......................................................................................... 12
قدرت ارتباطات دریافت شده ................................................................................. 17
تصمیم ........................................................................................................................ 19
نتایج ................................................................................................
Introduction
Portfolio theory was first developed to be
used in financial investment decision making
during the 1950s (Markowitz, 1952). The
main inputs for portfolio evaluation in
financial investment decisions were
postulated as being “expected return” and
“degree of risk”. Portfolio theory has,
however, since been applied in areas other
than finance. The initial area of application
was in auditing product programs (Marvin,
1972), where individual products or groups
of products were analyzed in terms of their
current and future market share, sales,
volume, costs and investment requirements.
Subsequently, the portfolio approach received
increasing attention from corporate strategists
(Ansoff and Leontiades, 1976; Hedley, 1977;
Hofer and Schendell, 1978; Wind and
Douglas, 1981) all of whom have been
primarily concerned with the classification
of products and/or businesses on certain key
dimensions in order to assist in the
achievement of corporate strategic objectives.
Key dimensions have included market share,
market growth, market attractiveness and
competitive position depending on which
model has been offered. Regardless of the
dimensions used, the basic idea is that the
positions of the units on the grid should
determine the formulation of the most
appropriate strategy.
Portfolio theory is essentially concerned,
therefore, with facilitating decisions in the
allocation of finite resources among different
assets, be it financial investments, products
or strategic business units. These finite
resources may be used in alternative ways
to achieve agreed objectives.
There have also, however, been many
critics of portfolio theory, who have
suggested that a portfolio simply facilitates
visualization rather than serving as an
analytical and prescriptive tool in itself.
In other words, critics say that portfolio
analyses do not provide strategic answers for
resource allocation and strategy formulation.
They do stress, however, that they can aid
decision making but would have to be used
with caution.
Customer Portfolio Analysis
The application of portfolio theory to
customers is a more recent phenomenon.
In theory, marketers can check the basic
soundness of each customer against its
جهت خرید این مقاله کامل که در 24 صفحه ترجمه شده و به همراه متن اصلی عرضه می شود .
The Use of Customer Portfolio Theory کاربرد تئوری سبد سرمایه گذاری
مشتری
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
معرفی ................................................................................................................................ 1
تحلیل سبد سرمایه گذاری مشتری ............................................................................. 2
قابلیت سوددهی مشتریان به عنوان مبنایی برای طرح سرمایه گذاری ............... 6
اهداف تحقیقات ......................................................................................................... 8
روش شناسی ............................................................................................................... 9
تحلیل ......................................................................................................................... 10
ساختار سبد سرمایه گذاری ها ................................................................................ 11
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری/ قدرت درک شده ارتباط ............................................ 12
قابلیت سوددهی مشتری .......................................................................................... 12
قدرت ارتباطات دریافت شده ................................................................................. 17
تصمیم ........................................................................................................................ 19
نتایج ................................................................................................
Introduction
Portfolio theory was first developed to be
used in financial investment decision making
during the 1950s (Markowitz, 1952). The
main inputs for portfolio evaluation in
financial investment decisions were
postulated as being “expected return” and
“degree of risk”. Portfolio theory has,
however, since been applied in areas other
than finance. The initial area of application
was in auditing product programs (Marvin,
1972), where individual products or groups
of products were analyzed in terms of their
current and future market share, sales,
volume, costs and investment requirements.
Subsequently, the portfolio approach received
increasing attention from corporate strategists
(Ansoff and Leontiades, 1976; Hedley, 1977;
Hofer and Schendell, 1978; Wind and
Douglas, 1981) all of whom have been
primarily concerned with the classification
of products and/or businesses on certain key
dimensions in order to assist in the
achievement of corporate strategic objectives.
Key dimensions have included market share,
market growth, market attractiveness and
competitive position depending on which
model has been offered. Regardless of the
dimensions used, the basic idea is that the
positions of the units on the grid should
determine the formulation of the most
appropriate strategy.
Portfolio theory is essentially concerned,
therefore, with facilitating decisions in the
allocation of finite resources among different
assets, be it financial investments, products
or strategic business units. These finite
resources may be used in alternative ways
to achieve agreed objectives.
There have also, however, been many
critics of portfolio theory, who have
suggested that a portfolio simply facilitates
visualization rather than serving as an
analytical and prescriptive tool in itself.
In other words, critics say that portfolio
analyses do not provide strategic answers for
resource allocation and strategy formulation.
They do stress, however, that they can aid
decision making but would have to be used
with caution.
Customer Portfolio Analysis
The application of portfolio theory to
customers is a more recent phenomenon.
In theory, marketers can check the basic
soundness of each customer against its
جهت خرید این مقاله کامل که در 24 صفحه ترجمه شده و به همراه متن اصلی عرضه می شود .
عضو شوید
عضویت سریع
آمار
وب سایت:
آمار مطالب
آمار بازدید
